{"id":398,"date":"2018-04-16T13:44:11","date_gmt":"2018-04-16T10:44:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.frigotehnie.ro\/blog\/?p=398"},"modified":"2026-01-20T00:15:30","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T21:15:30","slug":"temperatura-critica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.frigotehnie.ro\/blog\/temperatura-critica\/","title":{"rendered":"Temperatura critica"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ce este temperatura critica?<\/h3>\n

Temperatura critica a agentului frigorific este temperatura peste care agentul frigorific nu mai poate fi lichefiat indiferent de presiunea cu care se actioneaza asupra vaporilor de freon.<\/p>\n

Efectele temperaturii critice scazute<\/h3>\n

In cazul in care temperatura critica a unui agent frigorific este scazuta atunci consecintele ar fi urmatoarele:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. compresorul va compresa vaporii de freon la presiunea de condensare<\/li>\n
  2. daca presiunea creste temperatura refrigerantului va creste<\/li>\n
  3. in cazul in care temperatura critica a agentului frigorific este joasa, temperatura freonului la compresie va creste peste temperatura critica<\/li>\n
  4. conform definitiei temperaturii critice, freonul nu va mai trece din stare de vapori in stare lichida in condensator<\/li>\n
  5. in acest caz refrigerantul va fi in stare de vapori la iesirea din ventilul de expansiune si va intra in vaporizator tot in stare de vapori<\/li>\n
  6. freonul fiind in stare de vapori (gazos) in vaporizator, nu va mai absorbi caldura si in acest fel efectul de racire va fi foarte scazut<\/li>\n
  7. aceasta situatie va conduce la un consum mare de energie electrica si un randament scazut<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Acest lucru nu se va intampla daca temperatura critica a agentului frigorific este ridicata, deoarece temperatura dupa comprimare (la iesirea din compresor) va fi in continuare mai mica decat temperatura critica, iar vaporii se vor lichefia in condensator (freonul trece din stare gazoasa in stare lichida).<\/p>\n

    In general freonii HFC au valoarea temperaturii critice ridicata. Exemplu: R134a are temperatura critica de +101\u00b0C iar R404a are temepratura critica +72\u00b0C. Sistemele frigorifice cu freoni HFC functioneaza subcritic. Cand temperatura ambientala este ridicata randamentul unui sistem frigorific cu freoni HFC scade, dar nu dramatic.<\/p>\n

    Functionarea sistemelor frigorifice cu CO2<\/sub><\/h3>\n

    R744 (dioxidul de carbon – CO2<\/sub>) este un refrigerant cu o temperatura critica scazuta, +31\u00b0C. Din aceasta cauza multe sisteme frigorifice cu CO2<\/sub> functioneaza deasupra punctului critic, acest lucru ducand la modificari ale sistemului frigorific.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. sistemele frigorifice cu CO2<\/sub> (R744) functioneaza subcritic atunci cand temperatura de condensare este sub 31\u00b0C (vezi: manometru CO2<\/sub><\/a><\/strong>)<\/li>\n
    2. sistemele frigorifice cu CO2<\/sub> (R744) functioneaza transcritic atunci cand temperatura de condensare este peste 31\u00b0C<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \"Diagrama<\/p>\n

      Temperatura critica pentru diverse substante<\/h3>\n

      freon R134a: 101,6\u00b0C
      \nfreon R404a: 72,14\u00b0C
      \nfreon R407C: 86,05\u00b0C
      \nfreon R410a: 70,17\u00b0C
      \nfreon R600 (butan): 152,01\u00b0C
      \nfreon R600a (isobutan): 134,7\u00b0C
      \napa (H2<\/sub>O): 373,946\u00b0C
      \namoniacul (NH3<\/sub>): 132,4\u00b0C
      \noxigenul (O2<\/sub>): -118,6\u00b0C
      \nazot: -146,9\u00b0C
      \nmetan (CH4<\/sub>): -82,3\u00b0C<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Ce este temperatura critica? Temperatura critica a agentului frigorific este temperatura peste care agentul frigorific nu mai poate fi lichefiat indiferent de presiunea cu care se actioneaza asupra vaporilor de freon. Efectele temperaturii critice scazute In cazul in care temperatura…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":410,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-398","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nTemperatura critica - Blog Frigotehnie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Temperatura critica este o caracteristica a termodinamicii pentru substante (materiale). Care sunt efectele temperaturii critice intr-un sistem frigorific? 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